Surveying - measurement of dimensions (contour, position, boundaries, area, height etc.) of any part of the earth's surface (land or water) or any cultural feature. Depending on the type of survey undertaken and the degree of accuracy required, "surveys" may involve the application of the theory, principles and techniques of geodesy, photogrammetry and cartography. Surveying is the science and art of using applied mathematics to determine the area of any portion of the earth's surface, the length and direction of the bounding lines, and the elevation contours of the surface.